News and Insights
COP29 Day Ten: Momentum Amidst Challenges
November 21, 2024
Day Ten of COP29 in Baku brought a vibrant mix of tension, optimism, and significant strides as the summit focused on nature, biodiversity, indigenous rights, gender equality, and ocean conservation. While frustrations over unresolved financing and fossil fuel debates were evident, the day showcased inspiring leadership and collective determination to advance climate action.
Indonesia’s Bold Climate Commitment
Indonesia emerged as a beacon of hope with President Prabowo Subianto’s announcement to phase out coal-fired power plants by 2040. “We plan to build over 75 GW of renewable energy capacity during this time,” Subianto stated, framing the move as essential for addressing rising sea levels and climate-related poverty. Analysts, including Matt Webb from E3G, praised Indonesia’s transformative shift from being the world’s largest coal exporter to committing to renewable energy. “What’s happened in the last two years is really dramatic—a significant turnaround for a major coal exporter,” Webb noted. This commitment underscores Indonesia’s readiness to lead by example amidst the global energy transition.
Empowering Voices of Vulnerability
The call for climate justice resonated strongly as representatives from vulnerable nations and communities shared their realities. Speaking for many in the Global South, Zambia pressed for definitive financial commitments, highlighting the need for $1.3 trillion annually by 2030. “We are counting on your leadership,” Zambia’s delegate emphasised, urging wealthier nations to meet their obligations.
Indigenous leaders and gender advocates underscored the essential role of inclusive strategies in achieving sustainable solutions. The discussions celebrated environmental preservation and human rights interconnectedness, spotlighting the potential for transformative action when marginalised voices are prioritised.
Navigating Tensions on Fossil Fuels
The contentious debate around fossil fuel commitments reached new heights. Colombian environment minister Susana Muhamad delivered an impassioned plea to uphold the pledge made at COP28 to transition away from fossil fuels. “What is the point of having an agreement if we cannot deal with the issue that creates the problem?” she questioned, urging nations to honour their commitments.
Saudi Arabia’s staunch defence of fossil fuels drew criticism, with Catherine McKenna, Canada’s former climate minister, labelling their stance as obstructive. Denmark’s climate minister, Lars Aagaard Møller, countered Saudi claims with a striking remark: “Fossil fuels are a gift only if that gift stays in the ground.”
Despite these challenges, the Beyond Oil and Gas Alliance and other advocates called for renewed ambition, asserting, “We must now turn our ambition into action.”
Uniting for Ocean and Coastal Preservation
Amidst the high-stakes negotiations, the theme of oceans and coastal zones offered a reminder of what is at stake. Delegates highlighted the urgent need to protect marine biodiversity and safeguard coastal communities from rising sea levels. Progress was noted, with the US highlighting advancements in offshore wind energy. “Denying climate change is not going to make it go away,” remarked Laura Daniel-Davis, a US official, reflecting the collective urgency to embrace renewable solutions.
A Call for Consensus
Azerbaijan’s “Qurultay,” a traditional decision-making gathering, exemplified efforts to break negotiation deadlocks. UN Secretary-General António Guterres added his voice to the call for compromise: “Failure is not an option. Navigate a path through your differences and keep your eyes on the bigger picture.”
Guterres framed climate finance as charity and an investment in humanity’s shared future. His appeal resonated deeply, as many countries rallied to bridge gaps in the contentious draft texts.
Optimism Amidst Complexity
While obstacles remain, the day reflected an enduring spirit of collaboration. Indonesia’s leadership, the powerful advocacy of vulnerable nations, and the renewed focus on actionable commitments demonstrated that progress is within reach, even amidst fierce debates. Yet, as the clock ticks down, the pressure mounts. The coming hours will be decisive in determining whether COP29 can deliver the ambitious consensus the world so urgently needs.
POSTED BY: Christopher Nial
